Study on experimental model of transplacental infection of coxsackievirus B_3 from the mother to the fetus in late gestation mice / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To study the possibility and conditions of transplacental infection of coxsackievirus B3(CVB 3) from pregnant mice to their fetuses and newborns. METHODS: Coxsackievirus B 3 strain causing balb/c mice myocardial injury(CVB 3m )was inoculated with 10 5 TCID 50 in dose into the mother mice at 6-7 days (early gestation),9-10 days (middle gestation) and 17-18 days (late gestation) of gestation, in contrast with non pregnant mice. Some placentas and fetuses were removed by caesarean section before mothers partusing; some mothers and their babies were sacrificed after parturition, and virus isolation, serological and pathological tests were performed. RESULTS: Viramiae was observed in mother mice of late gestation inoculated with CVB 3m at a fit amount on the second day after inoculation, while no newtralizing antibody to CVB 3m was detected in blood. The virus was isolated from cardiac muscles of inoculated mother mice in different gestation and the controls. The virus was also isolated from some placentas and fetuses, and both sera and cardiac muscles of infants in the late gestation (virus titer were all 10 -2 -10 -3 ). On d 7 of inoculating virus, pregnant and non pregnant mice titers of neutralizing antibody to CVB 3m in sera were all between 1160 and 1320. Under the electromicroscopy, some cardiac muscle cells of mother or infant mice appeared with morphological changes and little hollow bubbles occured in cytoplasm. The fibers broke off, and the bright and dark belts became indistinct. CONCLUSION: The amimal model, intraplacental passage of CVB 3 from pregnant mother in late gestation to fetus in mice, is a benefitial tool to study enterovirus diseases in human perinatal period.

METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF TOTAL GLUTATHIONE / 营养学报

The method of recirculating assay for total glutathione is presented in this paper. The principle is that the concentration of total glutathione is proportional to TNB-forming rate resulting from the reaction between GSH and DTNB provided that NADPH and GR are used to keep the amount of total glutathione constant. It is very difficult to get accurate concentrations of glutathione in human plasma because of the very low concentration and the extremely fast disappearance after the blood was drawn. These difficulties are overcome by means of fast measurement and using y~GT inhibitor. The sensitivity of this method is about 0.1 uM and the recovery is 93-106%.

STUDIES ON BLOOD GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE ACTI- VITY AND ANTIOXIDATIVE POTENTIAL IN RATS FED GRAINS FROM KESHAN DISEASE ENDEMIC AREAS / 营养学报

1. Experiments were conducted to compare the blood glutathione peroxi-dase activity of rats fed low selenium diets (0.0042 and 0.0084ppm Se) mainly composed of rice, corn and soybean grown in Keshan Disease endemic areas with that of rats fed the contrast diets (0.073 and 0.074 ppm Se) composed of the same grains grown in non-endemic areas and with that of rats fed stock diets (0.307 ppm Se). The enzyme activities of the endemic grain-feeding groups were lower than that of the non-endemic grain-feeding groups, but the enzyme activities of these groups were significantly lower than that of the stock diet group. The difference of the percentage of ascorbic acid-induced oxidation of hemoglobin to methemoglobin, choleglobin and Heinz bodies in vitro in different groups were in the same trend as that of the glutathione peroxidase activity.2. When rats were fed the low selenium diets for three months supplementing with sodium selenite, both the blood selenium levels and glutathione peroxidase activities were increased to the levels of the stock diet group within 50 days.

BLOOD GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE ACTITIES OF POPULATIONS IN KESHAN DISEASE AFFECTED AND NON-AFFECTED AREAS / 营养学报

Blood GSHpx activities of populations living in Keshan disease affected and non-affected areas were examined. The enzyme activities of people in affected areas were lower than that in non-affected areas. That of agricultural population is lower than that of workers and staff members living in same affected areas. The enzyme activities of patient suffering from Keshan disease were a little lower than that of other children. After oral administration of Na2SeO3 for one year, the enzyme activities of children in affected areas increased to the same level of that in non-affected areas. Significant correlation was found between selenium concentration of blood and hair and GSHpx activities.